The study discusses recommendations and ways to improve the design of outdoor spaces and relieve heat stress in the streets of traditional cities. The findings also highlight a strong impact of the sky view factor on the mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) and the physiological equivalent temperature (PET). The highest discomfort was recorded in spaces with collapsed buildings, especially during the hot hours of the day. The results indicate the presence of a high-stress level during the measurement periods, and notable differences between the subspaces in January (ΔPETMax.Jan = 3.7 ☌) and August (ΔPETMax.Aug = 2.2 ☌). The methodology used was a mixed approach, including field measurements, calculations, and a survey questionnaire. This research evaluated the human thermal sensation by applying the physiological equivalent temperature (PET) index. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the thermal comfort in different subspaces of Algiers Casbah’s historic urban fabric, which falls in the hot Mediterranean climate (Csa). However, few studies have investigated traditional cities’ urban thermal comfort conditions. Urban fabric and morphology in traditional cities represent a unique pattern both spatially and climatically. Urban microclimate studies have gained popularity following increasing urbanization trends and global climate change in recent years. Thermal comfort in cities is an influential factor for citizens’ wellbeing and life quality. These findings have implications for the designing and retrofitting of open spaces to reduce infection. It provides a comprehensive process for transforming outdoor spaces on university campuses into anti-virus spaces that meet users’ needs. The study highlights the social, physical, and environmental implications to be considered in designs for outdoor anti-virus spaces. This indicates a need to redesign the current spaces to prevent the spread of viruses. The findingsĭemonstrated that students are willing to use the open spaces that they used before the pandemic, at the same frequency. A case study and mixed-methods approach were undertaken, comprising four modes of inspection: user analysis layer using questionnaires and observations to survey students’ needs and behavior context analysis layer using space syntax and CFD to examine the space’s physical and environmental conditions design solutions reflecting an understanding of virus transmission and a performance analysis layer to test the performance of ‘anti-virus’ courtyards. The study identifies the relationship between human behavior (social) and the various physical and environmental elements of these spaces. Improve health and wellbeing and reduce infections in outdoor open spaces on university campuses to maximize their potential as a response to future crises.
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Responding to the events surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic, this study explores how to The results present a pilot study for promoting sustainable urban mobility in historic cities based on Sabil buildings contextual settings.
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Then, for a Diffused Urban Mobility Analysis, three proposed itineraries were compared using validated software programs to scrutinise their urban and environmental qualities. They were compared based on a matrix including quantitative and qualitative parameters reflecting the existing urban conditions, and were added to an ArcGIS ModelBuilder to develop a spatial assessment model. These varied in densities, activities, services, social behaviour and opportunities. Hence, Linear Urban Mobility Analysis divided the linear spine into nine sectors based on Sabil locations. The study is tackled from an urban touristic approach to promote linear and diffused mobility.
This study adopts two levels of comparative urban analysis to investigate the current role played by Sabil buildings as nuclei for sustainable urban rehabilitation in Al-Muiz Street, Fatimid Cairo, Egypt.
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